Flora: The forests are of a typical dry deciduous type with Dhok as the dominant tree species of gentle to moderate slopes constituting over 90% of the tree canopy. The ridges support Salar on steep dry slopes. Khair and Cheela occur in vally beds. Bamboo grows to a limited extent along the moist and cooler parts. Aam, Jamun, Arjun and Bahera, which grow in moist depression and on nallah banks attain large sizes. The ground cover is mainly Ber, and Adusa. Zizyphus and Grewia are good fodder species. The dried and fallen leaves of Dhok help the herbivores to tide over the fodder scarcity during summer months. The forests become lush green in the monsoon months and completely dry in the summer months. Other prominent varieties are Palas (Butea monosperma), Amla (Emblica officinalis), Gugul (Commiphora wightii) and Kadaya (Sterculia urens)
Fauna: Sariska has rich wild-life. Tiger, Panther, Leopard, Hyena, Jackal and Jungle cat are the carnivores of the forest. Caracal and Wild dog are also seen but are rare sightings. Among the prey population are the Sambhar, Chital, Nilgai, Wild boar, Hare and Porcupine etc.
Sariska is unique in animal distribution. The wild animals here seem to have decided their area -limits. Slopka is best for observing the Sambhar, Kundli for Chitals and Tarunda & Kalighati for Nilgai. Four -horned antelopes or chausingha can be seen in the Pandupole Nallah. Chausingha is exclusively Indian and is the only buck on earth with four horns.
Sariska is also famous for its population of common Langurs and the Rhesus monkeys. Talvriksh is where the main population of Rhesus exists and one can see hundreds of them at a time. Langurs can be seen in large numbers at Pandupole, slopka and Kalighati as well.
In Sariska, observing Wildlife at the water holes is quite fascinating during the hot days of April, May and June. Water requirements increase and animal activities get restricted to the water holes,specially around Kalighati and Slopaka. Sambars, Chitals, Nilgais, Chausinghas, Jackals, Wild boars, Langurs etc. visit water holes throughout the day. The predators appear around dusk or during the silence of the night.